Middle Market Definition: A Comprehensive Guide for Finance Practitioners

While there’s there’s no single definition for middle-market companies that everyone agrees on, we’re generally talking about privately held U.S. operating businesses pulling in ~$10M–$1B in revenue per PitchBook. In dealmaking terms, most private-equity transactions in this segment fall around ~$25M–$1B in enterprise value (EV). Note ranges can vary by industry and region; use revenue for operational … Read more

Enterprise Value vs Equity Value: Complete Guide to Business Valuation Metrics

EV bridge: Equity Value → + net debt → + preferred stock → + NCI → − non-operating assets → (+ leases/debt-like when consistent) → Enterprise Value.

Understanding enterprise value vs equity value separates competent analysts from those who fumble through deal discussions. These two fundamental valuation metrics measure different aspects of company value, yet confusion between them derails countless investment committee presentations and M&A negotiations. Enterprise Value (EV) captures the value of a company’s core operations available to all capital providers. … Read more

Private Equity DPI: The Liquidity Metric That Matters in 2025

Private Equity DPI: The Liquidity Metric That Matters in 2025

Summary Summary — DPI That Pays (Not Just Paper) Start: 60-sec primer — DPI vs TVPI vs RVPI (net of fees) + one mini example. Quantify the gap — compute ADR / distribution yield and DPI Pace (DPIP); show why cash ≠ marks. Frame “The Great Elongation” — exited holds vs current portfolio age; explain … Read more

Investment Banking vs Private Equity

The investment banking vs private equity debate often misses a crucial point: middle market private equity isn’t some consolation prize you settle for after striking out on-cycle—it’s a distinct, hands-on career path that’ll give you faster responsibility and earlier operational exposure than most finance professionals realize. While the traditional narrative frames private equity as the … Read more

Private Equity Interview Questions: The Complete Guide for Middle-Market Professionals

Middle-market and lower-middle-market private equity interview questions reward precision under pressure. Most guides are written for mega-fund scenarios; this one is built for MM/LMM roles where you actually touch the model and the company. Inside: battle-tested frameworks, mini-formulas, and mental-math drills to practice aloud (just make sure to keep your answers under two minutes). TL;DR … Read more

How to Build an LBO Model: Complete Guide for Middle Market Deals

Let’s be real: learning how to build an LBO model isn’t just “nice to have” if you’re working in private equity, investment banking, or corporate finance— it’s absolutely essential. In middle market deals, which is where most buyouts actually take place, mastering leveraged buyout models can literally make or break your analysis. This comprehensive guide … Read more

Private Equity Salary 2025: Complete Compensation Guide by Level

Private equity 2025 pay ladder showing analyst-to-MD cash ranges and earliest carry timing (carry begins at VP).

Private equity pay in 2025 is still elite, but the mix (base + bonus + carry) and the MM vs. mega‑fund split matter more than any one number you’ve seen on forums. Below you’ll get 2025 ranges by level, how bonuses actually hit, and a dead‑simple way to estimate carry, plus why a faster promotion … Read more

Beyond the Numbers: 5 Common LBO Modeling Traps (and How to Avoid Them)

Minimalist spreadsheet graphic titled “5 LBO Modeling Traps,” showing warning arrows pointing to five red X-icons, in UpLevered brand colors.

Anyone can learn to link cells in Excel. That’s the price of admission. The real differentiator, or what separates a top-tier private equity candidate from the pack (besides following our private equity recruiting guide), is commercial judgment. It’s the ability to spot the subtle, return-killing traps that hide in plain sight within a model… just … Read more

The Three Pillars of the Private Equity Interview (And the #1 Mistake in Each) – 2025 PE Interview Guide

Infographic for the UpLevered Private Equity Interview Playbook showing the three pillars of a PE interview: Alpha Narrative (person icon), Technical Fortress (tower icon), and Investor's Mind (head with gears icon).

Landing a coveted private equity role isn’t just about polishing your resume – it’s about excelling in the private equity interview gauntlet. As someone who broke into this industry from a non-traditional background and now sits on the other side of the table, I can tell you PE interviews are a different beast. You need … Read more

Private Equity Resume Template (2025): Examples, Bullet Bank, Free Download

Private Equity Resume Template (2025) — UpLevered

Download the Private Equity Résumé Template (2025) Grab both versions—no email required. PDF for preview/print, Word for editing. Download PDF Download Word (.docx) Summary — Pass the 6-Second Scan One page, clean font (10.5–11.5), tight margins. Lead with Deal → Action → Result; quantify. Use investor verbs: evaluated, underwrote, diligenced, recommended. Show LBO/DCFs + value … Read more