Returns Lab · Credit-agreement workflow

LBO Covenant Headroom Workbench

Apply one agreement-defined numerator, denominator, limit schedule, and test direction across reporting periods without importing a generic covenant definition or “normal” headroom threshold.

Interactive worksheet

Separate ratio arithmetic from agreement interpretation

Capture the controlling section, define the numerator and denominator, and mark whether each test is active before reading headroom.

Method in useUser-entered maximum or minimum ratio test
Calculation boundary

The worksheet does not determine EBITDA add-backs, debt netting, baskets, testing dates, springing conditions, cure rights, amendment consequences, or lender remedies. Those are agreement and legal questions.

Swipe horizontally to edit every column

Covenant test inputs and calculated headroom by period
PeriodTest active?NumeratorDenominatorContractual limitActualHeadroomStatus
4.50x+0.50xPass
4.89x-0.14xBreach
Not tested
Active tests passing1
Breaches1
Inside entered bufferNot set
Inactive tests1

Synthetic total leverage test; Synthetic example — replace with controlling section. Ratios use “Agreement-defined debt” divided by “Agreement-defined EBITDA”.

Enter numerator and denominator amounts only after applying the definitions, add-backs, caps, netting, testing dates, and baskets in the controlling credit agreement. “Active” is user-entered so the worksheet does not guess whether a springing test applies. A positive headroom number means passing for both maximum and minimum tests. Any cure or amendment must be modeled by entering the agreement-permitted adjusted values; the worksheet does not assume how new money changes a covenant.

The worksheet runs in your browser. Use synthetic or de-identified inputs; do not paste confidential deal, fund, employee, or lender information.

Headroom convention

For a maximum test, headroom equals the limit minus the actual ratio. For a minimum test, it equals the actual ratio minus the limit. Positive means passing, zero means exactly at the limit, and negative means a numerical breach under the entered values. An optional warning buffer is your own internal policy input; the tool provides no default.

Evidence Atlas EA-04B explains why current bank surveys do not establish one sponsor-loan covenant package or covenant-lite prevalence. The executed credit agreement remains controlling.

This educational worksheet is not legal advice, a compliance determination, or a substitute for the current credit agreement and lender calculations.